Early blight tomatoes can also damage the foliage of potatoes. It almost yearly causes substantial leaf, stem, and fruit damage to West Virginia’s tomato production. The fungus Alternaria solani causes early blight tomatoes, which is one of the most prevalent tomato illnesses. What is an Early Blight Tomato early blight tomato Several wild species accessions have been reported to have high levels of resistance to early blight however, breeding lines still carry undesirable horticultural traits from the donor parent. Breeding for resistance to early blight tomato has been conducted for over 60 years nevertheless, the quantitative expression and polygenic inheritance of the resistance have prevented the generation of cultivars with high levels of resistance. Alternaria solani-caused diseases can harm the leaves, stems, and fruits of tomato plants. This disease damages the crops in the United States, Australia, India, China, Canada, the Philippines, and other countries where tomatoes grow.Įarly blight of the tomato, the most destructive of these diseases, is a serious concern during the breeding phase. The most common fungal disease of the orchids is early blight tomato. Because it is linked to the poisonous belladonna and deadly nightshade, tomatoes were once cultivated as ornamental plants in France and northern Europe and considered with suspicion as a food source. This was particularly the case in Spain and Italy. Early in the 16th century, the Spanish appear to have been the first European nation to use the tomato as a food. The wild species presumably originated in Peru or Ecuador in the Andes Mountains of South America. Clemson U-USDA CES Slide Series, Bugwood.Tomatoes are believed to have been domesticated in pre-Columbian Mexico, from which they derive their name. Of the fungicides listed in Strategy 6, consult the Organic Materials Review Institute (OMRI™) for appropriate organic copper products.Įarly blight on tomato fruit and foliage ( Lycopersicon)Įarly blight on tomato leaf ( Lycopersicon)Įarly blight on tomato leaf ( Lycopersicon). Using an appropriate organic fertilizer would be a viable organic approach to Strategy 2. Strategies 1, 3, 4, and 5 are strictly organic approaches. Apply at fruit set and reapply every 7–14 days. Effective fungicides include copper (Kocide), chlorothalonil (Bravo, Daconil), mancozeb, or maneb. Disease is more readily spread when plant foliage is wet.Ħ. Confine staking and picking to times when foliage is dry. Avoid planting eggplant or potatoes where tomatoes were last planted.ĥ. Pull weeds that compete for light, water, and nutrients, especially nightshade, horse nettle, and other weeds in the tomato family.Ĥ. Remove plant debris or till it into the soil. Do a thorough cleanup of the garden in the fall. Water the plants regularly, but don't fertilize until the plants are well-established and in full blossom. Stressed plants are more susceptible to early blight. These varieties will require a less intensive management program than susceptible varieties.Ģ. Varieties such as ‘Early Cascade’, ‘Floramerica’, ‘Jetstar’, ‘Manlucie’, ‘Supersonic’, and ‘Surecrop’ have some tolerance to early blight. Spores thrive in moist, warm temperatures (80–90 degrees F) and can persist in partially decomposed garden waste for at least a year.ġ. Fungal spores enter a host through wounds in the plant cuticle. Spores are spread by wind and rain, but occasionally, flea beetles transmit this disease. This disease typically progresses from the base of the plant, upward.Įarly blight spores survive on old plant debris or in the soil. Early blight can result in extensive defoliation, exposing fruit to sunscald and reducing yields. The entire leaf may be killed and will drop off the plant. Eventually, the spots enlarge into a series of concentric rings surrounded by a yellow area. The appearance of circular or irregular dark spots on the lower, more mature leaves is one of the first symptoms of infection. Infection on leaves is the most common symptom. Plants infected with the fungus can display collar rust on the stems, infected older leaves, and fruits that crack at the stem. Early blight can affect seedlings but is generally observed on older plants and is especially severe on plants of poor vigor. Early blight is a fungal disease, Alternaria sp., that occurs on tomatoes throughout North America.
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